A toggle is a user interface control that allows the user to choose between two opposing states. The toggle has a distinct appearance for each state and the user can be aware of its current state through this visual cue. Toggles can be used to update preferences, settings, and other kinds of information. It’s important to use these controls sparingly, provide clear labels that directly state the action, and make sure they deliver immediate results.
When a toggle has a different appearance for each state, it can be difficult for users to understand the current state. Designers often add color to help clarify – but color isn’t always enough to signal the correct state. For example, using green as the on position can be confusing for users who are colorblind. Toggle buttons should be high contrast, and the on/off status should be explicitly stated with text descriptors. Toggle buttons should also be accessible to people with low vision and other disabilities – this can be challenging for developers because they often haven’t been trained on these techniques.
Toggles can be a useful tool for dev teams as they write new features, but they can become a problem when they’re used too liberally. If a toggle is set to change multiple aspects of the software at once, it can cause performance issues, which can be difficult to diagnose and fix in production. A simple way to mitigate this problem is to limit feature toggling to small swaths of the product and avoid putting many different features under the same toggle.
Experiment Toggles
One common use case for toggles is to perform A/B testing. For example, an ecommerce company might want to test whether a new suggestion algorithm provides a better user experience than another. To do this, they can create an experiment toggle that splits users into two cohorts – a B algorithm and a default algorithm. By tracking the aggregate behavior of these cohorts, the team can determine which algorithm performs best. Once they have conclusive data, they can remove the experiment toggle and deploy the winning algorithm to production.
Toggles are a good choice when you have a small swath of the application to change, and they’re easy to debug. However, when used too broadly, they can erode user confidence and lead to confusion and frustration. Make sure that you name your toggles, so they’re easier to recognize and understand. This will give a hint to someone who is unfamiliar with the code and can be helpful for debugging errors weeks or months down the line. For example, “Toggle — Collapsible Article Content” might be a more intuitive way to name a toggle than simply “Feature Flag.” This way, the team knows that they’re working on something new and it’s possible for them to find the right information quickly if things go wrong. This is a big improvement over the alternative of a mysterious error message with no context or explanation.